Unstyled Select

The select components let you create lists of options for users to choose from.

Introduction

A select is a UI element that gives users a list of options to choose from.

MUI Base offers two components to replace the native HTML <select> tag: SelectUnstyled and MultiSelectUnstyled. It also includes OptionUnstyled for creating the options on the list, and OptionGroupUnstyled for grouping those options.

Features

🦍 Can be used as a controlled or uncontrolled component
🧬 Accepts custom elements and non-string values for options
🗃️ Options can be grouped and nested

Components

Usage

After installation, you can start building with this component collection using the following basic elements:

import SelectUnstyled from '@mui/base/SelectUnstyled';
import OptionUnstyled from '@mui/base/OptionUnstyled';

export default function MyApp() {
  return (
    <SelectUnstyled>
      <OptionUnstyled>{/* option one */}</OptionUnstyled>
      <OptionUnstyled>{/* option two */}</OptionUnstyled>
    </SelectUnstyled>
  );
}

Basics

The following demo shows how to create and style a select component. Note that it also uses PopperUnstyled to render a popup for the list of options:

Form submission

The value(s) chosen in the Select can be posted to a server using a standard HTML form. When the name prop is set, the Unstyled Select will render a hidden input with the selected value.

Note how the second Select in the demo above renders a hidden input with the name provided as a prop.

You can customize the value of this hidden input. See the Object values section to learn how to do it.

TypeScript caveat

SelectUnstyled accepts generic props. Due to TypeScript limitations, this may cause unexpected behavior when wrapping the component in forwardRef (or other higher-order components).

In such cases, the generic argument will be defaulted to unknown and type suggestions will be incomplete. To avoid this, you can manually cast the resulting component to the correct type:

const CustomSelect = React.forwardRef(function CustomSelect<TValue>(
  props: SelectUnstyledProps<TValue>,
  ref: React.ForwardedRef<HTMLUListElement>,
) {
  // ...your code here...
  return <SelectUnstyled {...props} ref={ref} />;
}) as <TValue>(
  props: SelectUnstyledProps<TValue> & React.RefAttributes<HTMLUListElement>,
) => JSX.Element;

For the sake of brevity, the rest of the demos throughout this doc will not use forwardRef.

Multi-select

The MultiSelectUnstyled component lets your users select multiple options from the list.

import { MultiSelectUnstyled } from '@mui/base/SelectUnstyled';

Anatomy

The SelectUnstyled and MultiSelectUnstyled components are composed of a root <button> along with a <div> that houses a <ul> within PopperUnstyled. OptionUnstyled renders as an <li>:

<button class="MuiSelectUnstyled-root" type="button">Open</button>
<div class="MuiSelectUnstyled-popper">
  <ul class="MuiSelectUnstyled-listbox">
    <li class="MuiOptionUnstyled-root">Option one</li>
    <li class="MuiOptionUnstyled-root">Option two</li>
  </ul>
</div>

Slot props

Use the component prop to override the root slot with a custom element:

<SelectUnstyled component="div" />

Use the slots prop to override any interior slots in addition to the root:

<SelectUnstyled slots={{ root: 'div', listbox: 'ol' }} />

Use the slotProps prop to pass custom props to internal slots. The following code snippet applies a CSS class called my-listbox to the listbox slot:

<SelectUnstyled slotProps={{ listbox: { className: 'my-listbox' } }} />

Hook

import { useSelect } from '@mui/base/SelectUnstyled';

The useSelect hook lets you apply the functionality of SelectUnstyled to a fully custom component. It returns props to be placed on the custom component, along with fields representing the component's internal state.

Hooks do not support slot props, but they do support customization props.

The following example shows a select built with a hook. Note how this component does not include any built-in classes. The resulting HTML is much smaller compared to the unstyled component version, as the class names are not applied.

Customization

Controlled select

SelectUnstyled can be used as an uncontrolled or controlled component:

Object values

The SelectUnstyled component can be used with non-string values:

If you use a SelectUnstyled with object values in a form and post the form contents to a server, the selected value will be converted to JSON. You can change this behavior with the help of the getSerializedValue prop.

Selected value appearance

You can customize the appearance of the selected value display by providing a function to the renderValue prop. The element returned by this function will be rendered inside the select's button.

Option appearance

Options don't have to be plain strings. You can include custom elements to be rendered inside the listbox.

Grouping options

Options can be grouped, similarly to how the native <select> element works. Unlike the native <select>, groups can be nested.

The following demo shows how to group options with the OptionGroupUnstyled component: